범죄발생 위험지역의 공간분포와 도시쇠퇴 특성과의 관계 : GIS기반 공간통계기법을 통한 범죄발생 위험지표를 중심으로

Abstract

Purpose: In general, urban decline is caused by physical aging, population decline, and population aging. In order to promote the vitality of the declined region, Korea diagnoses the degree of urban decline through various indicators and provides the basis for selecting a target site for urban regeneration projects. Urban crime is known to be caused by defects in various socio-demographic and cultural factors from the perspective of Environmental Criminology. In particular, the crime problem in the original city center, which is accelerating urban decline, is an important task to be solved along with urban regeneration projects. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the characteristics of urban decline on crime-prone areas, and to empirically analyze whether the current legal urban decline index for selecting urban regeneration projects reflects urban problems such as crime-prone areas. Method: First, the spatial distribution characteristics of crime occurrence risk indicators are analyzed using spatial autocorrelation analysis for administrative districts in Seoul. Second, the characteristic factors of urban decline on crime-prone areas are analyzed using the spatial regression model. Result: As a result of this study, it was found that the characteristics of urban decline affecting the crime-prone area were the areas where the socially vulnerable lived and the areas where the declining small-scale food and lodging businesses were located. In addition, according to the legal standards, areas that met the criteria for urban decline indicators were found to have a negative (-) effect on the crime-prone area. This means that it is necessary to consider crime and safety factors in projects in urban regeneration areas.