ІСТОРИЧНИЙ МАТЕРІАЛІЗМ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ФІЛОСОФСЬКІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ 20-ХРОКІВ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ

Abstract

The article focuses on the historical-materialist views of Ukrainian Marxist philosophers. The 1970s Marxist ideas spring in Ukraine is observed there. It is argued that in the 1920s, when the Stalinist totalitarianism had not yet reigned in the Soviet Union, it was possible to some extent to the creative interpretations of the basic provisions of the materialist conception of history. It is noted that the actualization of attention to the problems of historical materialism was made possible by the publication of the work by Nicholai Bukharin “The Theory of Historical Materialism”. Philosophical thought in Soviet Ukraine in that historical period developed within the framework of a single Marxist-Leninist philosophical paradigm, uniform for the entire Soviet Union, which was actively dogmatized. One of the most well-known Ukrainian Marxist philosophers was Volodymyr Yurinets. Within the limits of the problems of historical materialism, he was interested in the question of the nature of ideology, alienation, objectification, commodity fetishism. It is noted that the prerequisite for the emergence of ideology is the division of labor and the envy of the sphere of spiritual life. The phenomenon of ideology is interpreted by V. Yurinets in an ambivalent way: both as a false consciousness, and as an adequate reflection of the consciousness of the sphere of practice. It is emphasized that under capitalism, a person feels free only when he does not work.