중국공산당 초기 군대 건설의 성과와 한계(1924-1933)

Abstract

This article aims to understand the military strategy of the Chinese Communist Party more clearly by clarifying its achievements and limitations through a study on the military construction in the early days of the Communist Party of China. The CCP pursued a revolution through force, but this was impossible without building a strong military. The First United Front(國共合作) provided an opportunity to expand the power of the Chinese Communist Party within the organization of the Nationalist Party and to secure military cadres capable of building military power at the Huangpu Military Academy. Although it was insignificant in terms of taking over the overall military power, the First United Front gave the CCP an opportunity to develop into a revolutionary force by independently possessing an army. The Communist Party of China, which experienced several failed armed uprisings, tried to build its own revolutionary army.
 The Chinese Communist Party made efforts to normalize the military by reorganizing the military command organization, enacting military regulations, and establishing special military units and military schools. As a result, between 1930 and 1931, the main force of the Red Army increased to 150,000, and the operational capabilities of the Red Army also improved. In terms of doctrine, the Red Army also established basic tactical principles such as the 16-character formula(十六字戰法). In general, it cannot be denied that the Chinese Communist Party’s series of measures and efforts for military construction, which began in 1930, improved the Red Army’s ability to wage war to a certain extent. However, considering that the Red Army did not have the ability to produce even basic weapons on its own, military construction in the early days of the CCP clearly had its limits.