Национальная политика советского партийного аппарата управления 1921 – 1950-е гг. (на материалах партийных съездов и конференций)

Abstract

Introduction. The study analyzes the national policy of the Soviet party administrative apparatus in 1921-1950s based on the materials of major party forums. The analysis of national policy is one of the urgent tasks of modern historical science. Since the decisions of the Soviet management system within the framework of national policy were far from ambiguous, and many of today's problems in the field of interethnic communication have their roots in the Soviet past. It should be noted that the national policy of the state authorities is of great importance not only at the central level, but for the regions, including for our multinational and multi-confessional region of the North Caucasus. Materials and methods. The work is based on the analysis of materials of party congresses, conferences and plenums of the RCP (b)-VKP (b)-CPSU. This research is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity based on a comparative analysis of sources. The problem-chronological principle, based on an extensive rangeofunpublishedarchival documents, as well as articles and mon-© Туфанов Е.В., 2023 ographs of researchers on the stated topic, is the basis for highlighting this historical problem. Analysis. National policy was of key importance for the young Soviet state. It was at the party forums that important and fateful decisions were made in all aspects of the Soviet political system. It should be noted that the resolutions of the party congresses trace the declared internationalism of the RCP (b) – CPSU (b) – CPSU, but we see the ambiguity of national policy which is expressed, on the one hand, by the development of the national education system and repressions against entire peoples (deportation), on the other. Results. The analysis of the national policy of the Soviet state in the declared period on the basis of party congresses allows us to achieve certain results. The national issue was a priority even despite the internationalism of the dominant political force. However, it should be noted that the national issue was no longer raised at large party forums after the XIII Congress, Economic reforms came out on top in state transformations, however, as we see from the experience of past party forums, the implementation of national policy mainly went through the solution of the personnel issue. It should be noted that the implementation of the national policy of the Soviet state had negative consequences. The repressive policy towards a number of ethnic groups in the form of deportation was fundamentally wrong and gave rise even in the post-Soviet period to conflicts on national grounds.