Территориальные споры Канады в Арктике в 1920-е годы

Abstract

In the 1920s Canada was involved in a series of territorial disputes in the Arctic. In the course of these conflicts – with Denmark over the island of Ellesmere; with Russia and the USA for Wrangel Island; with the United States for the islands of Ellesmere and Axel Heiberg; with Norway over the Sverdrup Islands – Canada settled territorial differences with all other Arctic countries and achieved recognition by these countries of Canada’s Arctic borders. As a result the land borders of Canada’s Arctic possessions were finally determined. In 1925 Canada formally established the boundaries of its Arctic sector. Nevertheless, in the 1920s Canada justified its rights to certain territories in the Arctic not by sector theory, but by the effective occupation of these territories, control over these territories and their inhabitants, contiguity and prescription.