Національний склад населення Підкарпатської Русі у 1919-1938 рр.

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to investigate the national composition of the popula- tion of Subcarpathian Rus in the interwar period and the factors that infl uenced the change in the national composition in 1919-1938, based on archival sources. Research methodology. Th e article uses general scientifi c methods, in particular the analysis and synthesis of various sources, induction and deduction. Th e principles of historicism, objectivity, comprehensiveness, integrity and systematicity are applied. Th e text uses the appropriate terminological apparatus, which substantiates the author’s vision of the peculiarities of the national composition of the population of Subcarpathian Rus in the interwar period, as well as the factors that infl uenced its change. Th e scientifi c novelty consists in a comprehensive study of the national composition of the population of Subcarpathian Rus based on archival sources for individual districts and set- tlements, statistical and comparative data on changes in the national composition of the region’s population in the 1920s and 1930s based on sample settlements are provided. Сonclusions. In addition, Subcarpathian Rus was a region with the most varied national composition of the population, which also had its own characteristics, for example, some nationalities such as Hungarians or Germans had their own areas of residence, which were determined by political, cultural and economic factors. Although such a national minority as Jews did not have a defi nite place of residence and were “scattered” throughout the country. Th e reasons for the change in the national composition of the population, such as emigration processes, the state of medicine, etc., are separately investigated. Signifi cant changes began to take place at the end of the 20s and the beginning of the 30s of the 20th century, with the improvement of the general well-being of the population. One of the main factors that contributed to the improvement of the popula- tion’s standard of living was the admission to government positions of the native population of Subcarpathian Rus – Ruthenians, although there was also a negative trend of population de- cline associated with emigration processes, which, however, did not have a signifi cant impact on changes in the national composition population of the region. For a more complete understand- ing of the national composition of the population of Subcarpathian Rus in the specifi ed period, a detailed study of the population censuses for 1921 and 1930 was conducted.