Чешско-Словацкий корпус и большевики весной 1918 г.

Abstract

May 1918 is a turning point in the relationship between the Bolsheviks and the Czech-Slovak Corps. The events that have taken place will lead to the outbreak of a Civil war in Russia, which will take millions of lives. The study of these events currently continues to remain relevant, caused by the appearance of new documents. The Chelyabinsk incident and the organized mutiny of the corps that broke out after it on May 25 were the final stage of relations between the two sides, which began to develop even before the events of October 1917. There is still no exact answer in the scientific community as to what exactly caused the mutiny. The importance and relevance of the study is due to the study of the role of factors affecting the relationship between the two forces, as well as those that made the conflict between them inevitable, in addition, new documents have been attracted that will help give a clear answer to this question. A quantitative analysis of documents and directives prepared by both the Bolsheviks and the political leadership of the Czechoslovak National Council was carried out. The influence of the Brest Peace on the relations of the two forces and its perception by the leaders of the Czechoslovak National Council and the commanders of the Czech-Slovak Corps is analyzed. The main purpose of the study is a detailed analysis of the events of May 1918. The analysis of the “Chelyabinsk incident of May 14, 1918” and its consequences is carried out. It was proved that the mutiny of the corps was a pre-planned action organized by the commanders of the Czech divisions. It is concluded that the signing of the Brest Peace with the Central Powers was a critical moment in the relations between the Bolsheviks and the Czech-Slovak Corps, after which an armed conflict between the two forces became inevitable.