Иммиграция черкесов в Османскую империю в 1820-х – 1850-х гг.

Abstract

Long before the mass exodus of the Northwestern Caucasus people representatives to the Ottoman Empire during the final stage of the Caucasian War, there were sporadic group and individual mi-grations of Circassians to the Sultan’s possessions, directly or indirectly caused by Russian mili-tary-political expansion in the region. These episodes of the early Caucasian muhajirism, as well as the situation of this settlers in the Ottoman possessions, usually remain outside the attention of researchers. This article, based mostly on the Turkish archival sources and testimonies of contem-poraries introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, reveals the cases of immigrant communities and families from Circassia to the Ottoman territory, traces their relocations and main places of temporary and permanent settlement in Anatolia and characterizes the features of the settlers’ adaptation in their new homeland within the framework of the emerging colonization policy of the Porte during the 1820s–1850s. In this regard, this article clarifies some circumstanc-es of the stay and activity in the Ottoman state of one of the significant figures of the Hadjret re-sistance in the Trans-Kuban region - Prince Hatokshoko Mohammed Asha.