Захист Осіріса. Формальні міркування щодо висловів 1076 та 1077 текстів саркофагів

Abstract

This article is a generalizing research idea about the history of the development of Egyptology in Odesa in the 19th–20th centuries. It contains a description of the main tasks, principles, content and forms of scientific, educational and popularization activities of Odesa Egyptologists. The main stages, directions of formation and development of education and science about Ancient Egypt in Odesa institutions are presented. On the materials of the Odesa archives with the involvement of scientific publications of different historical periods in the context of the development of domestic Egyptology as a complex science, which is a branch of Oriental studies, the stages of the formation in Odesa of a scientific discipline that studies the language, culture and history of Ancient Egypt are considered and analyzed. Analysis of each stage separately allows reconstructing the evolution of Egyptology as an integral part of science and Oriental studies in general in the southern region of Ukraine. The study aims to restore the history and role of Odesa institutions in the field of Egyptology, as well as on the basis of documents to show the role of personalities of Odesa scientists in the formation and development of Egyptology. An analysis of the experience of creating Egyptological institutions in Odesa, which laid the foundation for the traditions of Egyptology research in Ukraine, is given. The main directions of the collecting activity of Egyptological artifacts are identified and the interaction and mutual influence of the main Egyptological educational and research centers in Odesa are traced. The role of political regimes in these processes is determined. Attention is focused on the significant contribution of the Odesa Archaeological Museum of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, as the custodian of the largest collection of Egyptological artifacts in Ukraine in the formation of collections of ancient Egyptian monuments. In this situation, the study of the history of scientists and institutions in Odesa related to Egyptology is necessary to preserve this legacy as a unique heritage of national science. The author of the article came to the conclusion about the importance of Odesa in the development of Egyptology, the role of the Egyptian materials collected by Odesa scientists in the development of the national Egyptology in the 19th–20th centuries. The role and significance of Odesa as one of the academic centers of the national and world Egyptology are revealed.