ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ: ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ

Abstract

Data on socio-economic development show that Russia is one of the largest countries in the world by almost all indicators. For example, in terms of area Russia is in first place in the world, in terms of population in ninth place, and in terms of exports in fifteenth place. Nevertheless, the dynamics of the development of Russia shows an insufficient level of the scientific and production base and the export orientation of the Russian economy. The problems of the unbalanced economy of Russia, with significant positive achievements, clearly manifested itself during the periods of the global crisis of 2008-2009, when the fall in energy prices, along with the increase in the cost of financial resources in the world market, had a significant negative effect on the Russian economy. The second example of problems in the Russian economy was the Crimean crisis of 2014, when the imposition of sanctions and the fall in energy prices caused the collapse of the Russian financial market and significant problems in the economy. Periodically recurring crises make it urgent to reduce the dependence of the Russian economy on the conjuncture of world markets. This is possible through the development of the domestic market and an increase in the share of the innovative economy in the economic balance of Russia. It should be noted that the Russian government has paid and continues to pay attention to the successful innovative development of Russia. An example is the "Strategy for the innovative development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020" approved by the Russian government in 2011. Nevertheless, the 2014 crisis showed the insufficient development of innovation processes in Russia. Therefore, it is relevant to assess the Russian innovation infrastructure in order to identify its strengths and weaknesses.