Abstract
The cost of electricity for the electric drive of technological installations is about 40 ... 50% of the total electricity consumed, depending on the type of enterprise. Two principles of control of an asynchronous electric motor are analyzed. Optimum from the point of view of energy efficiency, the scalar law of regulation of the supply voltage amplitude assumes the selection for each fixed value of the supply frequency and load moment of such a value of the voltage amplitude at which the losses in the motor are minimal and the efficiency is maximum. For these purposes, an additional controller is added to the composition of the electric drive, which, when the power frequency changes, corrects the value of the voltage amplitude obtained, according to the basic law, to a small extent, in such a way as to ensure the extremum of efficiency. As an objective function of the extremal controller (a criterion for the energy efficiency of an asynchronous electric motor), the following can be chosen: power losses in the motor based on the current in the stator winding or on the value of the main magnetic flux, maintaining a constant rotor slip, combinations of several parameters. A computer model of a scalar control system with a similar extremal controller, created in the SimInTech software package, is proposed. The use of the proposed regulator allows to increase the efficiency of the electric motor by 1.3 ... 11.2%, the largest increase in efficiency is achieved at a frequency of 20 Hz, and the smallest - at a frequency of 50 Hz. The proposed computer model is universal and allows you to explore various combinations of optimization criteria and algorithms for the extremal controller.
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