Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by extracellular accumulation of β-amyloid and intracellular aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau into neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. It leads to progressive memory impairment and loss of daily living skills. Currently, there is no effective treatment for this disease, but the potential of stem cells for the therapy of neurodegenerative pathologies, inclu­ding Alzheimer’s disease, is being actively explored. Stem cell-secreted growth factors, extracellular vesicles can attenuate neuroinflammation and slow down cognitive deterioration during disease progression. This review highlights progress in preclinical studies using mouse models of different stem cell types as treatment stra­tegies for Alzheimer’s disease and provides insights into their translational applications. The article reviews the benefits, therapeutic effects and prospects of stem cells and their differentiating descendants, and provides current information on the mechanisms by which different types of stem and pluripotent cells are involved endogenous neurogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease. The data presented in this review contain information on cell therapy methods, both those already used in clinical practice and those being studied in various models, including transgenic mice. In the future, effective methods of obtaining and delivering of stem cells and their pro­ducts to achieve significant clinical results in patients with Alzheimer’s disease will be developed.

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