다케다 가라쿠리연극과 시계기술 —일본의 근대화와 기술의 대중화—

Abstract

In the Edo period, not only the big performances such as kabuki and Joruri, but also a variety of performances, various street performances such as “misemono” were overflowed in temporary houses, small theaters etc. Among them, misemono using Karakuri dolls attracted a great deal of popularity due to the characteristics of street performances that should attract a lot of viewers in a short time. Karakuri is a term used to refer to a kind of automata driven by yarn or mechanical devices, popularized by Takeda Omi''s Karakuri plays. Omi was able to produce Karakuri dolls because European missionaries have brought the iron cannon and mechanical watches, the products of the most advanced Western science and technology, were introduced, at the end of the Sengoku Period of Japan. The clock technology that was brought to Japan was used in the Wadokei and karakuri dolls with the unauthorized method. That was because of Peace in the Edo period led to the development of ordinary people''s culture, and the Edo shogunate forbade military technology development. After the decline of the Takeda Karakuri Drama in the mid 18th century, the Karakuri performances attracted popularity by the performers. However, Unlike the western automata that emphasized accuracy, the Japanese Karakuri used in the performances gave more importance to intimacy. This Japanese attitude has led to a human-shaped atom. In addition, the clock technology used in Karakuri has made a great contribution to the acceptance of Western technology.