Abstract
Hong Kong, where all land is owned by the urban government, is a land reform model for East Asian countries such as China. Even before Hong Kong was returned to mainland China in 1997, it was experiencing serious social conflict. With the Hong Kong government’s bystanders and cooperation, real estate conglomerates have formed a domination structure that suppresses citizens by expanding their dominance to areas close to the daily lives of citizens. In this structure, the middle class may act as real estate investors, but eventually falls under the domination structure of the real estate conglomerates. Hong Kong’s 80s generations had participated in the social movements to improve their quality of life, but eventually failed. This study examined that the wrong land system, which has been formed since the British colonial period, has enabled urban domination of real estate conglomerates today, resulting in socio-economic contradictions, or the “Hong Kong phenomenon”, and citizens are constantly demanding political reform.
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