Abstract
Review Prospects for the use of nanoparticles (quantum dots) in ophthalmology V.O. Ponomarev, K.A. Tkachenko Eye Microsurger y Ekaterinburg Center, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation Purpose. A systematic analysis of domestic and foreign literature devoted to the potential use of quantum dots (QD) in ophthalmology, as well as the identification of the main problems regarding the implementation of QD in ophthalmic practice. Material and methods. To carry out the review, a systematic analysis of scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors was carried out on the resources of PubMed, Medline, eLibrary from 2008 to 2021, devoted to the determination of physicochemical parameters, as well as the practical use of QD. Results. QD-based semiconductor nanoparticles are increasingly entrenched in modern science and medicine, in particular ophthalmology. This review defines the main physical parameters and physical and chemical properties of QD. Their potential applications are wide enough and focused on imaging, drug delivery, electrical stimulation and broad spectrum of anti-infective activity. Conclusion. To date, the existing limitations in the sphere of active QD application in ophthalmic practice are related to fundamental research in the field of acute and chronic cytotoxicity, selection of safe doses and concentrations of QD, working out mechanisms of their delivery, as well as in the study of mechanisms of chemical and biological interaction with the structures of the visual analyzer at dynamically changing physical parameters of QD (shape, size, features of functionalization and silanization). Interdisciplinary interactions between the pillars of fundamental medicine, physics, biology, chemistry, and ophthalmology, in particular, will probably allow us to realize in the nearest five years in clinical practice all the fundamental principles laid down in the previous studies. Key words: nanoparticles, quantum dots, anti-infective activity, imaging method, fluorescence
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