Abstract
Purpose: to obtain calculated dependencies for determining free and banked seepage from irrigation canals. Materials and methods: during the research, methods of the theory of filtration from unlined and lined canals of irrigation and drainage systems were used. Results. Free seepage from the canals with steady flow shows significant water losses, reaching 30 % of discharge. As a result, the canal efficiency decreases, thus contributing to the flooding of the canal areas, the subsequent soil salinization, waterlogging and their gradual withdrawal from agriculture. Free steady seepage from canals will be observed in the absence of impermeable water-resistant depth layers or when the groundwater level occurs at a depth of more than 20–25 m from the earth's surface. In this regard, to determine the seepage discharge with free seepage, the calculated dependences of N. N. Pavlovsky, V. V. Vedernikov, A. N. Kostyakov, S. F. Averyanov and Yu. M. Kosichenko are recommended. In the case when banked-up seepage occurs during steady motion, the method of filtration resistance and the formulas of S. F. Averyanov, N. N. Verigin, A. Ya. Oleinik, taking into account the unsteady seepage process, with differential equation of unsteady flow motion of the Fourier type may be used. Conclusions. The solutions obtained of seepage problems under steady motion made it possible to find calculated dependencies and calculation methods for free and banked-up seepage from irrigation canals. A classification of seepage losses from irrigation canals for free flow conditions has been developed.
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