ФАКТОР ЭТНОКУЛЬТУРНОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ В РЕГИОНАЛЬНОМ РАЗВИТИИ США

Abstract

The regional development of one of the largest federations in the world — the United States of America, which is distinguished by the extreme diversity of the population and human potential of various territories and the uneven development of the economy — is historically influenced by the factor of ethnocultural diversity. In recent decades, American federalism has been characterized by a qualitatively “new” trend associated with the regionalization of social and economic relations in the context of regional systems. Based on a theoretical and methodological review of existing studies on the relationship between economic development, ethno-demographic heterogeneity and cultural evolution in the United States, using the necessary econometric methodological support, both theoretical and a number of empirical regression models were constructed. The specifi cation and analysis of the modeling results made it possible to put forward and reasonably confirm hypotheses that refl ect the differentiation of the factor of ethnocultural diversity in the regional development of the United States depending on the mutual influence of concomitant factors, the increasing role of the cultural component and the need to determine the optimal level of ethnocultural diversity for the regions of the country that have retained or are gradually changing their socio-economic genotype. It has been established that the program regulation of regional development in order to equalize the incomes of the population of various ethnic groups, carried out within the framework of the state regional policy of the United States, is largely selective in nature and is generally successful in the retrospective period.