지역사회 거주 노인의 주관적 건강 상태 영향요인

Abstract

Health status traditionally has been measured by objective indicators such as life expectancy or prevalence, but recently, the physical and mental state subjectively felt by the person regardless of disease status, that is, self-rated health is presented as an important criterion for showing an individual's health status. This study aimed to identify the self-rated health and its associated factors of the elderly. This study is a secondary data analysis study that analyzes the factors influencing self-rated health of the Korean elderly dwelling in the community. A total of 7,016 elderly people aged over 65 were selected and analyzed using the 2020 National Older Koreans data. The factors that related to self-rated health were socio-demographics, health status, health behaviors, social support and mental health. Self-rated health was classified as good (very good or good) or poor (poor, and very poor) or fair. A complex samples logistic regression was used to analyze the factors that influence self-rated health state. The results of this study were 7,016 subjects, but can be generalized to 5,031,621 subjects. As a result of the study, the subjective health status of the elderly dwelling in the community was found to be 49.6% in the good group, 31.2% in the fair group, and 19.2% in the poor group. Influencing factors on self-rated health were age, religion, household income, number of chronic diseases, limitation of daily living function, limitation of instrumental daily living function, exercise, depression and satisfaction with economic status. Specifically, modifiable factors as exercise was identified that can affect good self-rated health in the elderly and contribute to the development of strategies to improve their quality of life. Based on these results, it is necessary for nurses to actively develop and implement nursing intervention strategies to increase the self-rated health of the fair group and the poor group.