Из Бонна – в Екатеринбург: хронотоп современного музея

Abstract

The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of innovative trends in domestic and foreign museums. The analysis is interdisciplinary and methodological in nature. The main purpose of the article is to show examples of fundamental changes and the communicative nature of museum forms, dictated by the massization of museums, which changed the quantitative and qualitative composition of the public. According to the author, the museum includes directing and design necessary for communication with the mass audience. In this aspect, the article analyzes the exposition principles of two museums located in different countries. The philosophical foundations of one of the most authoritative museum centers in Europe: the "House of German History" in Bonn are presented in the most detailed way. Noting the integrity of the exhibition in the "House of German History", the author identifies several key principles of the museum exhibition: including:"museum drama", "path", "local space" (chronotope). These staging techniques are comparable to the "Yeltsin Center": the path through 7 rooms is the basis of the exhibition. "Problem Rooms" and the chronotope "Paths" form a common dramatic concept. The scientific novelty of the article also lies in the substantiation of the connection between the museum's drama and mass character. The flow of visitors could not but influence the choice of techniques that are easily read by the mass audience.