Abstract
Aim: to develop an universal cephalometric analysis of a beautiful female face and a simple method of the planning of orthognathic surgery for correcting malocclusions, improving airway permeability, and achieving a good stable esthetic outcome. Patients and Methods: to determine facial proportions, a term “rondist” (Ro) was introduced defined as a horizontal plane that corresponds with the natural line dividing a head into the upper and lower portions. Three planes being perpendicular to the rondist go through the subnasal point (Sn), glabella (Gb), and tuber frontale (Tf). LF is the lower one-third of the face. A profile depth (PD) is the ratio of Sn-Gb distance to Gb-Tf distance while a lower facial inclination (LFI) is the angle between LF and Ro (LF/Ro). 122 most beautiful female photos from various rankings were analyzed. All faces were allocated to either group 1 (modern Caucasian women, n=52), 2 (20th century Caucasian women, n=33), 3 (Mongoloid women, n=19), or 4 (Negroid women, n=18). Results: side portrait image was found for each face. PD and LFI were determined. PD and LFI were 0.97±0.016 93.3°±0.6° in group 1 (Gaussian distribution), 0.97±0.02 and 93.0°±0.8° in group 2, 0.96±0.02 and 93.6°±1.1° in group 3, and 0.97±0.03 and 92.6°±1.1° in group 4, respectively. Statistical analysis has demonstrated that all distributions belong to the same general population. Conclusion: the characterization of a novel facial plane (Ro) and cephalometric analysis revealed the race- and history-independent criteria of a beautiful face that are intuitively defined by most people. Beautiful faces follow the same template with PD equal to 1.0 and LFI closer to 90°. KEYWORDS: facial proportions, attractiveness, dental anomalies, sleep apnea. FOR CITATION: Solov’ev M.M., Katinas E.B., An I.A. Pattern of facial beauty: previously undefined proportions. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(4):226–232. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-4-226-232.
Highlights
Aim: to develop an universal cephalometric analysis of a beautiful female face and a simple method of the planning of orthognathic surgery for correcting malocclusions, improving airway permeability, and achieving a good stable esthetic outcome
Rondist plane is projected onto the line connecting the superior margin of the wing of the nose and the inferior crus of the antihelix
Three planes being perpendicular to the rondist go through the subnasal point (Sn), glabella (Gb), and tuber frontale (Tf)
Summary
При поиске универсальной закономерности пропорций красивого женского лица первым шагом должно быть определение системы координат. Угол между этой линией и Ro обозначен как наклон нижней трети лица — LFI (lower face inclination). Полученная плоскость удовлетворяет нашим требованиям: относится непосредственно к лицу, видна при любом положении головы, автоматически фиксируется взглядом как линия, является естественной плоскостью, делящей голову на верхнюю и нижнюю части. Поскольку анализ телерентгенограмм разработан весьма подробно, то шансов найти новые закономерности в этой части исследования нет. Чтобы избежать субъективизма в выборе положения ориентира, была введена точка Tf (точка лобных бугров, tuber frontale), которая образована контактом контура лба с линией, проведенной под углом 45о к плоскости Ro. В дальнейшем анализе были выделены три плоскости, перпендикулярные плоскости Ro: плоскость Sn (субназальная, subnasale) — проходит через точку перехода колумеллы в верхнюю губу; плоскость Gb (надбровье, glabella) — проходит через наиболее выступающую точку на нижней части лба; плоскость Tf — проходит через верхнюю границу лобного бугра
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