중국어 음역어 적응의 최신 경향에 대한 연구

Abstract

This study provides the results of analyses on the recent adaptation trend of Mandarin phonetic loans. There are two main approaches in loanword phonology: Phonological approach and perceptual approach. Phonological approach makes an emphasis on phonemic mapping between source languages and borrowing languages. On the other hand, perceptual approach argues that the nature of input is perceptual similarity between two languages, and thus phonetic details are included in loanword adaptation. The result of this study shows that the perceptual similarity plays a significant role in the adaptation of recent Mandarin phonetic loans, and it is supported by the results of analyses as follows: First, the ratio that the consonants in coda position of English syllable faithfully mapped into the corresponding Mandarin consonant is relatively low, while the adaptation of English initial consonants inputs usually show faithful mapping into Mandarin consonants. Next, the ratio of preservation of initial consonant input is very high, while the ratio of deletion of coda consonant input is very low. Especially, the deletion of liquids in coda position happens frequently, since syllable-final liquids are not salient perceptually. Finally, [±voiced] is not distinctive in Mandarin phonological system, but the consistent matching between [±voiced], the English distinctive feature and [±aspirated], the Mandarin distinctive feature are made. It means phonetic details can be included in loanword adaptation for perceptual similarity between two languages. The result of this study is different from the result of the study, which made an analysis on relatively early Mandarin phonetic loans, and showed that phonology played a more crucial role in loanword adaptation than perception.