Розробка комплексної схеми боротьби з іксодовими кліщами

Abstract

In the context of globalization, climate changing and the spread of tick-borne diseases, the control of ixodid ticks is becoming increasingly important. The uncontrolled use of chemicals to limit the harmful effects of ticks has led to the development of acaricide resistance of ticks, as is observed with most pest control chemicals. There are many reasons for lack of success in the control of ticks and the diseases they transmit. The tick ecology is problematic and has not yet been fully explored. It is believed that effective methods of tick control require the development of integrated methods. The development of a program for the control of ectoparasites is required to take into account seasonality, species composition of parasites, features of biological development. The purpose of our study was to create an effective way of elimination of the ticks in the environment. During 2019, the research was conducted in the Khmelnytsky region. As a result of the preliminary parasitological examination, natural biotopes of Dermacentor reticulatus ticks were found. In natural conditions, the treatment was carried out to eliminate ticks in the environment. Three plots, two test plots, and a control plot were identified for the research. At the first tested plot, the efficiency of chemical treatment with Tsiflur-Kombi after 24 hours of the application was 92.6%, at the second site - 100%. The highest efficacy was obtained in the two groups on day 7 after administration and continued for 35 days. During this period, no ticks were detected in the test plots. During the whole period, the average number of ticks per plot - 26 individuals was observed on the control plot. The acaricide Tsiflur-combi has shown high effectiveness in controlling of ixodid ticks at a concentration of 0.2% and 0.5% for five weeks in natural biotopes. The duration of the repellent and acaricidal effect on ticks after treatment with the Tsiflur-combi preparation was 35 days. It is recommended that prophylactic application be carried out every 4 weeks, but it’s necessary to take into account the region's acarological indicators. An effective and safe way to eliminate ticks in the environment has been developed. Synthetic pyrethroids have a long residual acaricidal effect on different surfaces, and when used in small quantities, do not pose a risk to mammals.