ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ АРХИТЕКТУРНОЙ ТИПОЛОГИИ ЕВРЕЙСКИХ ОБЩИННЫХ ЦЕНТРОВ

Abstract

TThe article discusses the analysis of trends in the development of the architectural typology of Jewish community centers, substantiates the topicality of its study. The stages of development of architectural typology are described, based on graphic-analytical schemes of planning decisions of historical types of Jewish community centers. Conclusions are drawn about the continuity of the functional planning organization of the religious functional planning component of Jewish community centers. The conclusions of the analysis of experience in the implementation of Jewish centers are presented. It reveals the main factors influencing the formation of space-planning solutions. The nature of the town-planning placement and walking distance of Jewish community centers in St. Petersburg is considered. Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic experience in the design and implementation of such buildings at the present stage, the features of the functional and spatial organization of Jewish community centers are identified, and the principles of a consolidated classification of such buildings are formulated. It is shown that there is a relationship between the dominant functional and planning component of the Jewish community center and the nature of its planning organization. Approaches to the consideration of the construction of the architectural image of the Jewish community center from the point of view of morphology and semiotics are briefly outlined. Promising areas of research are formulated that reveal national identity through the semiotics of the architectural image of the Jewish community center.