Abstract
The aim of the study is to determine the structural-semantic, grammatical and motivational features of the Karachay-Balkar microtoponyms with the colourative къызыл ‘red’. The work is novel in that it is the first to carry out a structural-semantic and grammatical analysis of the onyms under consideration using the material of the Karachay-Balkar language, to determine the degree of productivity of formal models, to consider the main motives for the naming of units. As a result of the study, it was found that the toponyms in question are one-word, two-word, three-word and four-word descriptions. One-word toponyms are represented by one non-derivative and two derived lexemes. The research findings showed that the two-component nominations of geographical objects formed according to the “adjective + substantive” model prevail, although some of them are structured according to the “adjective + postpositional name”, “adjective + primary adverbial participle ending in -ып” schemes. Three-word toponymical descriptions include the adjective къызыл ‘red’, as well as substantives of various semantics. As for the composition of four-word microtoponyms, along with adjectives and substantives, there is also a past participle.
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