Abstract
Purpose: analytical study of usability bentonite is a natural mineral with high waterproofing and adsorption properties in various fields. Methods: methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, analogy were used. Results: this article examines various applications of bentonite, allowing to position bentonite as a universal material, which is widely used in various industries due to its unique properties. The advantages of bentonite over other waterproofing materials are noted, including environmental friendliness, durability, efficiency and economy. The properties of bentonite clay have been studied, the ability of which to swell and create a waterproofing barrier in contact with water makes it an effective material for protection against moisture. It is indicated that the high frost resistance of bentonite is ensured due to the complex structure of the material consisting of metal oxide atoms and silicon atoms, which form a dense structure. The interlayer space in which the exchange cations are concentrated is the physical and physicochemical basis for the sorption activity of bentonite clay rocks. Bentonite has been found to be of value in its self-healing properties, as is the case when used at negative temperatures. This is due to its molecular structure. The microscopic particles that make up bentonite have a negative charge, they are able to adsorb water molecules. Practical significance: waterproofing works are carried out in many areas of construction. However, bentonite materials are not widely used. In this aspect, the article describes in detail such waterproofing materials as bentonite mats, clay lock, injectable bentonite waterproofing. The authors believe that the demand for the use of bentonite as a reliable and promising means of waterproofing in the construction industry will increase.
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