화성 당성 출토 명문 기와의 편년과 성격

Abstract

Dangseong Fortress(唐城) was utilized from the Three Kingdoms Period to the early Joseon Dynasty, and has a First and Second Fortress with different construction periods. Inside the Fortress, various facilities including buildings, water catchments, etc. have been identified, and especially a large number of the roof-tiles have been excavated. Among these roof-tiles, there are a large number of various Inscribed Roof-Tiles. In this paper, we have identified the production techniques and chronology of the Inscribed Roof-Tiles excavated from Dangseong Fortress, and have identified and interpreted the characteristics of the inscriptions. The production technique of Inscribed Roof-Tiles is characterized by the use of long striking plates and partial breaks on the sides. This is typical of the late Unified Silla to early Goryeo Dynasty. As a result of attempting a detailed chronology through the interpretation of production techniques and inscriptions, the period was divided into the late 8th century, the 9th century, the 10th-11th century, the 12th century, and the 14th century. In particular, a large number of Inscribed Roof-Tiles are identified as belonging to the late 8th and 9th centuries. Inscribed Roof-Tiles are categorized into place and administrative names, zodiac sign and era names, functional names, and uninterpreted. These inscriptions indicate the function and use of the building, such as the building group, buddhist temple, and guest house, as well as the time and commemorative content of the building. Dangseong Fortress of Inscribed Roof-Tiles were used in the First Fortress from the late 8th century. The inscriptions of this period were mostly related to place names or building functions, and the inscriptions were made with long striking plates without a square outline. In the 9th century, when a new secondary castle was constructed along with the installation of the Dangseongjin(唐城 鎭), it seems that monumental name tiles such as the 'Seongshin(城新)' name were produced. After the construction of the Second Fortress, Inscribed Roof-Tiles are mainly associated with the names of central departments and guest houses and government offices as centers of foreign exchange. Inscribed roof-tiles from this period retain the traditional long striking plates but use a new square outline. In the 10th, 11th, and 12th centuries, inscribed roof-tiles relating to government offices and guests can still be observed, but they disappear after the 14th century as they gradually lose their central function of cultural exchange.