고려 강도시기 건물지 출토 도자기의 양상과 사용

Abstract

The so-called ‘Gangdo period’ refers to the time during which the Goryeo government was temporarily located on the Gang’hwa-do island due to the Mongol invasion. The period began in 1232 when the Goryeo government abandoned the dynasty’s original capital Gaegyeong (the Gaeseong city today) and ended in 1270 when the government returned to it. In 1232, the royal palace, offices of the government, and members of the Military regime and their families all moved from Gaegyeong to the Gang’hwa-do island, and sudden increase in the region’s population required goods and commodities necessary for living and survival to the island from the inland areas. We can see traces of those items from vestiges of buildings and structures built on the island during this period.<BR> Found from the Gangdo-era Goryeo building vestiges is a variety of celadon which includes everyday utensils such as bowls, dishes and glasses, as well as other unique items like pillows, plate holders, vases, chairs and plates which are not usually found in other regions’ vestiges where celadon has supposedly been used and consumed. Included in the collection of these Gangdo-era celadon are intricate inlaid works, openworks, and figurative items which represent the finest attributes that we can usually find from the ones produced in Gangjin and Bu’an, the home of top-class Goryeo celadon. All the high-quality celadon mentioned above must have been manufactured at Gangjin and Bu’an and were then transported to the Gang’hwa-do island. This shows that even during wartime and with difficulties to ensure proper transport, the creation and delivery of quality celadon was proceeding unhindered and relatively stably.<BR> In the meantime, the earthenware used in the Gangdo capital were usually buried in the ground as containers to preserve organic material. There were also earthenware used in rituals, as we can see from earthenware incense burners and musical instruments like Janggo, found from the Daesan-ri vestige’s ritual space. Also, relics like jars with wide mouths[盤口壺], which must have been produced in the southern regions of the peninsula (including the Jeolla-do region), were excavated from vestiges that seem to have been either a well or remains of a building attached to tombs or mausoleums. These items seem like containers that had been used for transporting food or other organic goods to Gangdo from southern regions, and were then reused as utensils for other usages in the Gangdo area.