Совершенствование взаимодействия морских портов и железнодорожного транспорта

Abstract

The article focuses on the problems of interaction between seaports and railway transport and their impact on the port operation efficiency. Railway transport in Russia plays a significant role in ensuring goods transportation. Despite the crisis phenomena taking place in Russia and in the world, the volume of transported cargoes entering and leaving the ports by railway is steadily growing. This trend is projected to continue, according to the Strategy for Development of the Russian Sea Port Infrastructure until 2030. It has been analyzed that the performance of seaports will be largely due to the effective operation of the rail transport and to their coordinated interaction. The increasing cargo traffic to the ports of Vladivostok and Vostochny led to a collapse in 2021. It affected the transportation of container cargoes to a greater extent. There are listed any possible reasons for such a situation: refusal of cargo owners to transport the cargo by sea; imbalance of rolling stock; limited capabilities of the railway; unavailability of the port infrastructure for a significant increase in cargo turnover; problems of coordinated interaction between ports and railway transport. It has been stated that particular attention should be paid to the lack of a clear and well-coordinated interaction between the seaport and rail transport, which entails both demurrage of ships and rail cars, increased time spent by the railway and sea transport in the port under processing, which ultimately affects the time of delivery of goods to the recipients. It has been inferred to develop a solution to the problem of control and coordination of the interaction between the port and the port railway station. There has been illustrated the scheme of information exchange in the port, suggested the complex system of information exchange, using which will contribute to solving the above-mentioned problems and optimize the activities of both seaports and railway transport.