Abstract
The article presents some results of research aimed at the design of human-machine interfaces,taking into account the multimodal nature of human perception, for use in the on-boardequipment of an aircraft. In particular, we are talking about the possibility of a wider use of audiochannels for input and output of information. The advantages of sound interfaces in relation tovisual and tactile ones are, first of all, in the absence of the need for directed attention of the pilot,in the ability to create auditory objects in three-dimensional space and indicate the direction toseveral different objects at the same time. In the experiments, the possibilities of spatial separationof speech information flows in an aircraft intercom in situations where the level of interferencesignificantly exceeded the level of the target speech message were tested. The indicators of targetmessage recognition were evaluated in the presence of two types of sound interference: the sound ofanother speech message and the noise of an aircraft engine. The results showed that spatial separationof audio messages significantly improves the operator’s ability to recognize their content, regardlessof the type of interference. The maximum number of errors when recognizing a target messagecorresponds to its spatial position in the same direction as the noise of the interference. At thesame time, message recognition is significantly better if it is pronounced in a female voice. The fact ofspatial asymmetry of correct recognitions was also revealed: messages arriving from the right are recognized better than in cases of their arrival from the left. The practical significance of the researchconcerns the possibility of creating intercom with increased security against conflicts betweendifferent information flows, as well as against the impact of external acoustic noise. The prospect isseen in the use of three-dimensional audio interfaces not only as part of an intercom, but also fornavigation and aircraft control systems, as well as monitoring its state.
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