Розвиток підходів до трактування поняття «продовольча безпека»

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the historical prerequisites for the development of approaches to the interpretation and definition of food security in the XX century and at the beginning of the XXI century. The available approaches to the number and content of historical stages of development of approaches to defining food security are considered. It is concluded that contemporary authors perceive the evolution of the interpretation of food security as a linear process of development, during which additional components are gradually distinguished. Thus the early stages are characterized by an emphasis on the problems of food availability and food self-sufficiency, later, the problem of food stocks and control of world prices is actualized, gradually highlighting the problems of poverty, physical and economic availability of food. And at the last stage, there are questions of nutritional value and food security. As a result of the study, an own periodization is developed, which influences the evolution and development of approaches to the interpretation and definition of «food security», the major publications that influenced the interpretation of this concept are pointed out. The proposed six stages are considered in more detail. It is noted that not all trends are reflected in domestic regulations and at the present are not widely reflected in the works of Ukrainian researchers, which means that Ukraine is currently at the fifth stage of understanding food security and lags behind the world community in terms of plan. It is concluded that the development of approaches to the interpretation and definition of the concept of food security is largely determined by the deepening of the division of labor, the development of commodity-money relations, changes in the standard of living of the population, as well as scientific and technological progress and improvement of methods for collecting and processing statistical information.