Abstract
Model equations for a combined system with a high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell (HT-PEFC) system and an absorption heat pump (AHP) system were derived analytically. An AHP is proposed as a bottoming cycle system to utilize efficiently the waste heat from a fuel cell stack for cooling and heating purposes. The four-heat-reservoir model with a work conversion constraint was used to calculate the equivalent power output of the AHP. To calculate the AHP performance analytically, a modified irreversible Carnot cycle coupled to heating and cooling fluids with a finite heat capacity rate was considered. By combining the AHP system with the HT-PEFC system, the equivalent electric power was improved by 26% to 33% according to the load conditions. The COP values ranged from 1.0 and 1.2 for cooling purposes and from 2.0 to 2.2 for heating purposes. By combining with the AHP, the annual heat utilization rate can be improved compared to a single fuel cell system. The methods proposed in this paper can provide a useful measurement of the performance available in a practical fuel cell-based hybrid power system without complex numerical calculations.
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