Abstract
산업현장에서는 작업 효율을 높이기 위해 공정 과정에 자동화를 진행하고 있지만 전 공정에 자동화를 구축하기 어려운 반자동화 공간에서 작업하는 작업자들은 항상 위험에 노출되어 있다. 이러한 위험으로부터 작업자를 보호하기 위해, 본 논문에서는 Ubiquitous-Wireless Sensor Network(이하 U-WSN) 기반 위치인식 시스템을 이용한 산업현장에서의 작업자 안전관리 시스템을 연구하였다. 무선 신호를 이용하여 두 디바이스 사이의 거리를 측청하고, 3차원 삼각측량으로 작업자의 위치를 계산 할 수 있지만 무선 신호는 철과 구조물이 많은 산업현장에서는 신호의 반사, 멀티패스 등에 따라 오차가 발생하여 정확한 위치를 찾는 것에 많은 어려움이 있는 것이 현실이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 첫째, 작업현장에 적합한 원형편파 패치 안테나를 적용한 Line Of Sight(이하 LOS)에서 안테나 방사 패턴에 의해 발생 할 수 있는 오차를 개선한다. 둘째, 3차원에서 위치를 계산 할 수 있는 3차원 위치계산 방법과 필터링 알고리즘을 활용한 위치 정확도를 개선한다. 개발된 시스템은 항만부두 크레인에 적용하여 정확성 및 실효성을 검증 하였고 본 시스템은 산업현장에서 작업자의 안전에 크게 기여 할 것으로 기대된다. At the industrial work site, the manufacturing process is being automated to improve work efficiency. However, it is often difficult to automate the entire manufacturing process, and there are spaces in which workers there are constantly exposed to danger. To protect such workers from the danger, this paper studied a worker safety management system for the industrial work site which uses a location recognition system and which is based on the Ubiquitous-Wireless Sensor Network (U-WSN). Using wireless signals, the distance between two devices can be measured and the location of a worker can be calculated using triangularization in 3-D. But at the industrial work sites where there are a lot of steel and structures, errors occur due to signal reflection and multi-path, etc., which makes it difficult to get the accurate location. To address this problem the following was done: first, a circular polarization patch antenna appropriate to the work site was used to reduce the degree of error that may occur from the antenna emission pattern and the particular Line of Sight (LOS); second, a 3-D localization technique and a filtering algorithm were used to improve the accuracy of location determination. The developed system was tested by using it on a wharf crane to validate its accuracy and effectiveness. The proposed location recognition system is expected to contribute greatly in ensuring the safety of workers at industrial work sites.
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