Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine nitrite scavenging activity and the anti-inflammatory effect of Cirsium setidens (C. setidens), which is perennial herb belonging to the Compositae family that is found mainly in Gangwon province, Korea. We studied nitrite scavenging ability, cell viability, nitric oxide production, and inflammatory-related gene expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Our results indicated that C. setidens extract increased the nitrite scavenging ability in a dose-dependent manner. In order to determine the cytotoxicity and the concentration range of C. setidens extract suitable for treating RAW 264.7 cells, the XTT assay was performed. C. setidens extract did not have any cytotoxic effect at contractions of 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL and the absorbance values were 103.30±9.61, 99,98±12.99 and 101.15±11.49%, respectively. Also, C. setidens extract decreased the nitric oxide production of RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-pendent manner. In order to determine whether C. setidens extract inhibits inflammation-related factors, such as COX-2, iNOS, IL-6 and TNF-α. In RAW 264.7 cells treated with C. setidens extract, COX-2, iNOS, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were decreased to 55, 84, 83 and 77%, respectively. Based on these results, C. setidens was revealed to have anti-inflammatory effect to be potentially material in functional food.
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