Погляди на організацію проведення демобілізації в державі

Abstract

The problem of preparation and conduct of demobilization in the state is that humanity; science and practice mainly have experience and analyze this set of measures only in the context of demobilization of the Armed Forces. Numerous wars which took place last time were without the transfer of the economy, population and other components to the mode of operation in a “Special Period” firstly due to the level of military conflict and their length, secondly, with an extremely limited number of states that has an economy and a Military-Industrial Complex with a reserve of capacity, large population, flexible system of government etc. The purpose of the article is to define and systematize the tasks, methods, measures of demobilization in the state. The organization of demobilization in the state is the most difficult period of work of the state leadership at the final stage of the war. The set of demobilization measures envisages their focus on the systematic transfer of the national economy, the system of government to work and functioning in peacetime. The Armed Forces of Ukraine and other formations, operational and rescue services of civil defense are switched to the organization of peacetime mode. But the transfer of the system of ensuring the livelihood of the population to operate in peacetime by existing legislation is not interpreted. A variant of the structure of state management of measures to demobilize the national economy is presented in the paper. It should be noted that currently the field of mobilization is regulated by a number of state documents (twenty laws of Ukraine, ten acts of the President of Ukraine, thirty acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and more than twenty orders of the relevant central executive bodies). At the same time, most documents on mobilization training, mobilization and demobilization in the state have limited access, which makes them inaccessible and incomprehensible to most people in the country and does not provide a proper balance of individual and state interests. In order to increase the effectiveness of legal regulation in the field of mobilization, it is proposed to improve the legislation on state mobilization and to prepare and adopt a new version of the Law of Ukraine “On mobilization training and mobilization”.