Проблема професійного самовизначення підлітків з інтелектуальними порушеннями

Abstract

The article analyzes the problem of professional self-determination of adolescents with intellectual disabilities, which is of particular relevance in high school. The authors describe the features of the choice of a professional path by students of a correctional school, the difficulties and problems that arise in the process of career guidance and during labor training and education of children with intellectual disabilities. Some psychological characteristics of students of correctional schools are also described, which have a direct impact on the processes of professional self-determination, significantly complicating them. It is noted that the problems are determined not only by the specifics of the motivational, volitional and, of course, the intellectual sphere of this category of people, but also by objective reasons, which are due to the inertia of society in solving the tasks. Difficulties in studying the problem begin with the lack of sufficiently reliable and informative methods for studying the professional interests of students with intellectual disabilities, their willingness to choose a profession on their own and the level of professional self-determination.The article notes that almost no attention is paid to the study of professional self-determination of persons with intellectual disabilities in domestic science, the interest of teachers and psychologists is concentrated on practical issues of vocational guidance and labor training, internal psychological processes occurring in the process of choosing a profession by a high school student, while being studied insufficiently and deep. The authors note that the successful solution of the issues of labor adaptation of persons with intellectual disabilities and the acquisition by them of their own chosen profession, correlated with their own interests, is determined by a complete and comprehensive analysis of the personality of students, their interests, internal motives and motives, and in the future, the direction of their labor activity in a certain direction.