존재론적 비거니즘의 한계와 맥락적 비거니즘의 정치적 함의

Abstract

This article explores a political framework within ecofeminism that aims to eradicate exploitation and violence against animals. Adams critiques carnivorous cultures in terms of the intersectionality between speciesism and patriarchy, arguing that veganism is a feminist practice. Adams' argument was criticized for failing to consider physiological, economic, and cultural differences by universalizing veganism as an ethical norm. In particular, Plumwood labelled Adams' position as ontological veganism, criticizing it for being incompatible with feminism and ecology because it presupposes a dualistic perspective. Instead, Plumwood proposed contextual veganism, grounded in embodiment and reciprocity. Plumwood's framework dismantled the dualistic master identity, focusing on practices centered on capitalism, which is most responsible for animal abuse and exploitation, and on the politics of solidarity among marginalized others. This model integrates veganism into ecofeminism as a politically radical and collective form of ecological action.