Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between adolescents' smartphone overdependence, self-esteem, and aggression.
 Methods The data of 2,275 in the Year 4 of the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) 2018 were analyzed. The analyzed data was subjected to frequency analysis, reliability analysis, technical statistical analysis, and correlation analysis using the SPSS 24.0 program. In order to analyze the mediation effect of self-esteem in the relationship between smartphone overdependence and aggression, we conducted Baron and Kenny's mediation analysis and the Sobel Test to verify the significance of the mediation effect.
 Results The results of this study are as follows. First, smartphone overdependence and Aggression showed a positive correlation, Second, in the relationship between smartphone overdependence and aggression, the self-esteem concentration showed a partial mediating effect.
 Conclusions This study confirmed that smartphone overdependence has a direct effect on adolescents' aggression, and that aggression is alleviated when mediated through self-esteem. These results discussed practical interventions in the development of educational programs and self-esteem promotion activities that can be mediated by protection and motivation factors to lower adolescents' overuse of smartphones and aggression levels.
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