ОПЫТ НАРРАТИВНОГО ПОДХОДА В ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ

Abstract

Achieving educational goals to improve the quality of education is increasingly associated with a narrative approach. Personally oriented education focuses on the development of a creative, thinking, self-developing personality. The organization of the educational process is associated with the introduction of narrative practices to activate the position of the student, reflection of his own and acquired experience of cognition of being. The organic nature of learning through narrative is associated with the natural ability and need of a person to structure his experience and realize himself in society in a plot-related narrative. Didactic material has been used for many centuries to accumulate and transfer knowledge and form the necessary personality traits. In order to systematize and identify promising areas for using the narrative approach in the educational process, a theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific literature was carried out. The hermeneutic method contributed to the understanding of the polyvariance of narrative practices, the need to correlate them with the educational situation and educational goals. Perceiving the world through the prism of the mediator’s contemplation, students are influenced by the personal attitudes of the teacher to accompany the student in the educational environment. The creation of a favorable variable environment depends on the narratives used by the tutor as a means of presentation. Decision-making is influenced by the personal experience of students, which appeals to the narrative, regardless of whether it will be voiced in the classroom or will remain only in the mental consciousness without being embodied in a verbal form. Applying narrative practices in the learning process, the future specialist reaches the level of reflection on the range of professional knowledge. The narrative approach in teaching an academic discipline contributes to the formation of the personality of a competent specialist who is able to apply knowledge outside the education system and promotes self-improvement.