Abstract
For creating new cultivars of red clover it is necessary to use traditional and modern methods: heterosis and ecological breeding. These methods have been used in breeding for a long time, but it was necessary to modify them to the cultivation of red clover considering its biological features (perennity, length of ve-getation period, winter hardiness) in conditions of harsh continental climate in Siberia. The complex-hybrid population, late maturing, diploid based the cultivar SibNIIK 10 has been created based on best polycross offspring by polycross method in West Siberia. The winter hardy, early maturing, diploid based cultivar has been created as the result of combination together with FWRC FPA for the first time ever in Siberia. The research cites a comparative study of two cultivars of red clover (SibNIIK 10 and Prima) of different types of maturity and ploidy by main economically valuable traits. Early maturing tetraploid based cultivar Prima in herbage and dry matter yield exceeds late maturing cultivar SibNIIK 10 by 9–30 and 17–44% and in seed by 18% (in good years).
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