ЕКОЛОГІЯ ТА СЕРЕДОВИЩЕЗНАВСТВО ЯК НАУКИ І СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТІ

The tendencies in the development of the scientific-methodological and educational-methodical sphere related to the problems of deepening ecological knowledge, the ecologization of the spheres of productive and non-productive activities and education in particular, are analyzed. The world tendencies and main features of the current situation in environmental education in Ukraine are outlined. The necessity of entering the world standards of studying and assessing the state of the natural environment and the human environment is emphasized. The scheme of methodological structuring and improvement of the new in Ukraine, but well-established in European countries, the field of research and practical knowledge - environmental science – is presented. The environmental science is concerned with the study of all levels of the natural environment, from the cosmic to the intracellular, as well as all levels of the anthropic environment, from the technogenic to the productive, from the socio-cultural to the spiritual-aesthetic. A unique phenomenon of nature is the recognition of multi-level biotic – intra-ecosystem and intra-organismal environments. The subject matter of environmental science is constituted by the scientific foundations of the balanced coexistence of the medium-forming animate and inanimate natural systems and the human community, the methods of rational use of real-energy natural resources for the benefit of mankind without the destruction of the environment. The environmental science aims at the de...