ЕКОЛОГІЯ ТА СЕРЕДОВИЩЕЗНАВСТВО ЯК НАУКИ І СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТІ

The Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, which is a part of Recent Science Journals provides a wide range of the highly technological, original, creative and quality publications covering a broad area of research activities in the Civil and Environmental Engineering sciences. It makes the exchange of scientific and practical knowledge; and information among technology professionals.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are one member of a class of chlorinated organic compounds which give rise to concern, because of their wide dispersal and persistence in the environment and tendency to accumulate in food chains, with possible adverse effects on animals at the top of the food webs, including man. In the past, attention has been concentrated on chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides, such as DDT, dieldrin, heptachlor and HCH (hexachlorocyclohexane). More recently attention has been focused on PCBs and on chlorinated dibenzodioxins. Likely candidates for future attention are hexachlorobenzene, chlorinated dibenzofurans, and chlorinated phenols. In the past, such compounds have generally been studied individually. As the number of compounds giving rise to concern increases, there is an urgent need to establish uniform monitoring schemes and generalized models describing environmental transport and bioaccumulation which will be applicable to all compounds with these properties. Models such as the global monitoring scheme outlined by the SCEP study (1), and the global transport model outlined recently by Woodwell et al. (2), are needed in order to help identify sources of environmental contamination, to establish acceptable levels of discharge, and to estimate the effectiveness of different control strategies. This paper summarizes the fragmentary knowledge available about production, uses, and losses of PCBs, and attempts to define the major routes of transport and reservoirs of PCBs in the environ-

Rates and Routes of Transport of PCBs in the Environment

The Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, which is a part of Recent Science Journals provides a wide range of the highly technological, original, creative and quality publications covering a broad area of research activities in the Civil and Environmental Engineering sciences. It makes the exchange of scientific and practical knowledge; and information among technology professionals.

The Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, which is a part of Recent Science Journals provides a wide range of the highly technological, original, creative and quality publications covering a broad area of research activities in the Civil and Environmental Engineering sciences. It makes the exchange of scientific and practical knowledge; and information among technology professionals.

The Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, which is a part of Recent Science Journals provides a wide range of the highly technological, original, creative and quality publications covering a broad area of research activities in the Civil and Environmental Engineering sciences. It makes the exchange of scientific and practical knowledge; and information among technology professionals.

<p>The industrial symbiosis (IS) has been becoming increasingly popular from last decade of last century because of its prospect towards safeguarding environment and reducing usage of virgin materials through recycling. After emergence of symbiotic network, industrial clusters followed different approaches and faced different difficulties at their uncovering stages. Some successful symbiotic network showed great promise in reducing usage of raw materials. Policy regarding IS has a tremendous impact on the genesis, emergence, and development of it.. In this study authors tried to review already followed approaches, benefit obtained and problem faced by the industrial owner along with generalized policy framework they needed at the very early stages of IS network. However, two approaches are followed by industries –planned approach and spontaneous approach though there are factors that helped to initiate symbiotic network. Obtained benefits from IS network can be classified into three categories and these are-environmental benefit, social benefit and economic benefit. On the contrary industrial networks also faced some barriers i.e. technological barrier, economic barrier, informational barrier, organizational barrier, regulatory barrier, uncertainty and risk of initiating IS network. Thus policies were formulated to ensure sustainability of projects and to overcome barrier. Policy initiatives helps to bring the cooperatives under same industrial symbiotic network, shape a symbiotic network and patronize the symbiotic networks by providing incentives. Industrial networks only sustains when all favorable conditions are easily available to those otherwise many prospective networks will fail to see the light of success.</p>

<p>The new concrete Standards give rules for in-situ checking if the hardened concrete in structure achieved the designed compressive strength according the request the class of concrete. Different concrete elements in structure request the different access during the examinations and different analytical analysis.</p><p>Using the different examination methods will be the main aim on evaluations of concrete strength, always in comparing with requested design class. Core testing and other nondestructive methods assessing strength of surface concrete are generally less reliable than cores, but less damaged will used for final evaluations.</p><p>More parameters influence the properties of concrete as the type and size of aggregates, cement type and content, placing the concrete, form work parameters. The different factors analyzing in this paper are combine in the measurements from taking the core samples and results with hammer Schmidt, ultrasonic or other alternative methods. Also the evaluations of compressive strength for different concrete elements in different positions/different layers/ will be the detail expressed in analytical form, because in situ test isn’t possible to implement.</p><p>Test selection for a particular examinations will be based on a combination of factors such as access, damage, cost, speed and reliability, but the basic features of visual inspection followed by a sequence of tests according to convenience and suitability will generally apply.</p>

Introduction. The processes of globalization and social transformation have made environmen-tal conservation a priority, and therefore require some action to be taken to address environ-mental issues and the rational use of natural resources. The solution of the existing problems depends to a great extent on the functioning efficiency of the financial security system established in the country, the established composition and the volume of financing sources and certain directions of their use, which necessitates their scientific-based analysis. The purpose of the study is to investigate the state of financing environmental measures in Ukraine, to study the directions, dynamics and structure of costs for environmental protection, identifying features of financing environmental protection. Results. The comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of costs for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources is carried out. The main components of environmental expenditures are identified. Costs for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources by financing sources have been structured. The dynamics and structure of capital investments by nature conservation measures are investigated. The dynamics of the share of expenditures for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources in the GDP of Ukraine, as well as the share of capital investments (environmental) in the structure of capital investments of Ukraine are analyzed. The features of the current state of financing environmental protection and rational use of natural resources are highlighted. Conclusions. The results of the research made it possible to identify the main problems in the field of financial support for environmental protection and to outline the ways of their solution. The necessity of investments mobilization into nature protection activity is proved through development of appropriate means of economic stimulation and their legislative fixing, which will allow to solve the problem of financial support of environmental protection by diversification of financing sources. Keywords: costs for environmental protection, environmental activities, environmental measures, recurrent costs, capital investments, cost structure, financial support.

Environmental phenomena are complex and multifaceted, responding to drivers such as climate change, land use, pollution, and species invasions. Understanding such phenomena requires environmental data sciences and ecosystem dynamics models based on space–time data architectures, time-ordering, and dynamic processes. Foundation models, super-scaling foundational learning, and generalization across tasks and domains, support the study of ecosystems. Research examines the role of environmental data sciences and foundation models in underpinning the theory and practice of ecosystem dynamics. Questions include: How can the principles of environmental data sciences and foundational learning inform the development of ecosystem-dynamics models that connect data and theory? How can the foundation-model paradigm be aligned with ecosystem dynamics to augment mechanistic understanding and empirical guidance? Ecosystem-dynamics models identify driving factors, passing variables, and response trajectories for different variables and biomes. A two-way coupling between foundation models and ecosystem dynamics enhances understanding of processes and data. Models can be straightforwardly integrated into ecosystem-dynamics frameworks along with data and theory. Ecosystem-dynamics insights also inform the design of foundation models and guide pre-training and adaptation approaches, including temporal-ordering and time-lag mechanisms, multi-model setups with scenario-emphasis strategies, and response-characterization techniques. Several challenges limit the potential contributions of foundation models to diverse ecosystem dynamics and environmental science. Data imbalances foster uneven generalization, requiring study of domain-general modelling, selection mechanisms, and data strategies for balancing co-varying data. Transparency entails good practice, tractability, and analysis of knowledge internalized through training. Trustworthiness focuses on the balance of precision and accuracy, avoiding distortions that may reinforce undesirable trends. Where and how the freedom to operate is bounded underpins compliance with data-stewardship policies. For deployment, attention turns to unintended consequences and the broader societal repercussions of institutionally supported foundation models, stressing the need to reinforce responsible research and innovation across environmental applications.

This year, Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development (JESSD) is proud to hold its second international virtual symposium, featuring world-class speakers and editors worldwide. We were incredibly honored to have invited RR. Ratih Dyah Kusumawati, Ph.D. from Center for Resilience and Sustainability Studies (CRESS), Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia, Assoc. Prof. Hui Nee Au Yong, Ph.D. from Faculty of Business and Finance, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Mari Eko Mulyani, Ph.D. from School of Geography and The Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom and School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Assoc. Prof. Hironori Hamasaki from Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Japan, Dian Novarina, M.Sc. from Deputy Director of Sustainability and Stakeholder Engagement, PT Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (APRIL), Jessica Hanafi, Ph.D. from Executive Director PT. Life Cycle Indonesia, and Dr. Ir. Haruki Agustina M.Sc. from Director of Contaminated Land Recovery and Emergency Response Hazardous and Toxic Waste and Non-Hazardous and Toxic Materials, Ministry of Environment and Forestry.The symposium was held in virtual format due to related restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic. I appreciate everyone’s participation in the second JESSD Symposium: International Symposium of Earth, Energy, Environmental Science, and Sustainable Development, despite the restrictive situation caused by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Instead of being postponed, this symposium was conducted virtually in response to emerging issues mainly related to earth science, energy, environmental science, and sustainability. Moreover, this symposium also facilitates the publications of qualified research on COVID-19 to contribute to the global response towards the pandemic situation.This symposium is slightly different from the previous symposium and conference held last year. By making the best use of development in telecommunication platforms, we are able to gather virtually to share our insights and progress covering numerous subjects ranging from: the broad earth science, energy, and environmental science, and the special issues of COVID-19 Research as well as Community Engagement for Better Environment. This symposium utilized Zoom and Youtube, a widely known cloud-based video conferencing tool, as its telecommunication platform.The symposium was held on 27-28 August 2022. Committees are based in School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. We are aware that a virtual setup will not provide the same experience as an on-site symposium. However, it is in our nature as researchers to be undeterred by new challenges. The opportunity to host this event virtually allows us to facilitate cross-borders discussion and collaboration at lower cost and less impact on the environment through reducing carbon footprint. We have invited some prominent speakers from various regions to provide lectures on a wide range of environmental research. In addition, we have also invited world-class speakers and editors to help with your scientific publication process. The participants (presenters) are coming from 16 different countries all around the world, including: Malaysia, South Korea, Netherland, Ukraine, Thailand, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Russia, Brazil, Poland, China, Germany, Tunisia, and Indonesia.We are glad that we received lots of submissions from the symposium and selected a bunch of high-quality papers and compiled them into the proceedings after reviewing them using the double-blind peer review procedure. The symposium is considered successful. Signal loss and some technical issues happened during parallel sessions but had been well and quickly addressed by technical assistants, without causing any significant delay. I express my deep gratitude to the editors: Editors committee: Dr. Ahyahudin Sodri, Dr. Herdis Herdiansyah, Mari E. Mulyani, D.Phil., Dr. Stefanie Steinebach, Prof. Dr. Ing. Ir. Misri Gozan, M.Tech., Dr. Djoni Hartono, Ratih Dyah Kusumastuti, Ph.D., Prof. Dr. Ivandini Tribidasari Anggraningrum, and committees Dr. Herdis Herdiansyah, Nova Amalia Sakina, Azhar Firdaus, Arty Dwi Januari, Hafizha Ilma Qadriina, Sinan Vidi Lazuardi, Salma Mar’atus Sholihah, and HIMPASILING UI Team for their time, hard work, and contribution to support this symposium during this challenging time.I would like to take this opportunity also to express my gratitude for our sponsors, (Danone Indonesia, Induk Koperasi Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia (Inkopol), PT Arlindo Grafimedia, PT Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (April Group), Bank Rakyat Indonesia, APP Sinar Mas, Harita Nickel, Greenera Consulting, Pertamina Patra Niaga, Starborn Chemical, PT. Prima Kana Energy, Waskita, Roatex, One Global Synergy, and Lintasarta) and also for Himpasiling (Himpunan Mahasiswa Pascasarjana Ilmu Lingkungan) Universitas Indonesia 2022 period for conducting the joint session. Last but not the least, we send our sincere thanks to the IOP publisher for publishing the proceedings.Jakarta, 27 August 2022Editor-in-Chief,Dr. Herdis HerdiansyahList of committees are available in this Pdf.

Benefits accrue to scientists, resource managers, companies, and policymakers when environmental scientists publish in peer-reviewed journals. However, environmental scientists and practitioners face challenges, including the sometimes low value placed on journal articles, institutional vested interests in outcomes, and the changing priorities of employers and project sponsors. Confidentiality agreements can also lead scientists to assume publication is not an option. Case studies may be viewed by potential authors as too routine for peer-reviewed journals. On the basis of 30 years of experience, we suggest that publishing hurdles can be overcome and that environmental scientists have a range of options. The topics of manuscripts can include not only results from case studies and perspectives based on them but also byproducts of assessments, including definitions, plans, monitoring methods and models, and decision frameworks. Environmental scientists have unique opportunities to move science forward with their practical knowledge if they can move across the institutional, logistical, data-related, and content-related hurdles.

Knowledge creation is at the core of scientific endeavour. As early career researchers, doctoral students take part in knowledge creation through engaging in various knowledge practices and make their original contribution to knowledge, and become experts in their particular domain. However, our understanding of what doctoral knowledge practices entails is still insufficient. For this study, a total of 34 doctoral students from STEM fields, including natural sciences, bio- and environmental sciences and medicine were interviewed to gain a better understanding of the kinds of knowledge practices in which doctoral students in the sciences engage. The data were collected with semi-structured interviews, which were qualitatively content analysed. The results showed that the participants mostly described activities that were established everyday knowledge practices of the researcher community (75 %), whereas practices that were innovative (25 %), entailing transformation of the current practices and developing new ones, were less often reported. Moreover, the practices were typically collective, involving the students, their supervisors or other members of their research groups (67 %). Further investigation showed that the participants were typically actively engaged in knowledge practices (79 %) rather than just adapting existing ones (13 %). Perceiving oneself as a bystander was even less typical (8 %). The significance of this study lies in exploring doctoral students’ self-reported knowledge practices in STEM fields, and demonstrates that they perceive themselves as actively and collaboratively engaged in creating knowledge.

This article explores the role of international mining companies, labour unions, and environmental scientists in both normalising and contesting pollution. Whereas environmental historians and environmental justice scholars have demonstrated how states and companies have normalised or externalised pollution and toxic waste, often at the expense of marginalised groups, scholars have paid less attention to the extent to which such strategies have been enacted in more egalitarian societies and how they have been effectively countered. As a contribution to this literature, the article demonstrates how a landscape and a fjord in Western Norway was constructed – rhetorically and physically – as sacrificable for the higher good of industrial growth and, more importantly, how they were restored as environmentally valuable. It does so by tracing the interactions between an electrometallurgical industrial plant, the Belgian, Swedish, and British mining companies that owned it, environmental scientists, and labour unions throughout the twentieth century. Based on corporate archives and the records of the Norwegian Ministry of the Environment, reports from environmental research institutes and the digitised newspaper collections of the Norwegian National Library, it explores how the fjord emerged as a matter of environmental concern through the efforts of labour environmentalists.

The relevance of the research topic. The financing of education in Ukraine has been and remains a topical issue of our time. Now true important issues are reforms in the education system, creating a government environment for a rational use of resources of state and local budgets. Thus the main objective should be to ensure adequate financing of the sector by optimizing budgetary and extrabudgetary sources of its development. Statement of the problem. Education funding is one of the main factors of economic growth and sustainable development of the state, so the study of this topic will always be relevant. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Education funding is devoted to the many scientific publications. The study of this question were engaged in such domestic scientists as: T. Bogolib, A. Boyko, J. Buckovski, Z. Varnaly, A. Velichko, I. Kalenyuk, L. Kozorezenko, V. Malyshko, I. Chugunov, L. Yaremenko and others. Among foreign authors it is necessary to allocate the work. N. Lukashenko, V. Marcinkiewicz, J. Nematov, G. Hoag. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Insufficient funding of the education sector depends on the public authorities. In Ukraine, since the beginning of the 2018/2019 academic years held an educational reform, which requires further research and improvement. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The aim is to study theoretical and practical aspects of education financing in Ukraine. Method or methodology for conducting research. The authors apply a set of methods of scientific research: generalization, comparative analysis, statistical and other research methods. Presentation of the main material (results of work). It analyses the state of education financing in Ukraine in 2005-2017 years. The field of application of results: Ministry of education and science of Ukraine, Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Conclusions. In Ukraine financing of the education system is characterized by imperfection of normative-legal support and insufficient financial resources. The problem of our country lies in the fact that at the state level lack of understanding of the vital necessity in a competitive education system.