Abstract
This study explores the ethics of the ego and the commonality of the multitude, with a specific focus on Spinoza. Its objective is to illuminate the constitution of the ego and determine its ethical nature. This study demonstrates the relationship between Spinoza’s ideas of the affections of the body, three kinds of knowledge, and emotions in the formation of the ego. It delves into how the ethical sociability of the ego is naturally and inevitably generated within the essence of human nature, without being based on external norms, with a focus on the imitation of emotions. By doing so, it aims to elucidate the fundamental basis of the ego's sociability and examine the possibility of ethical lives for individual egos within society. Furthermore, this investigation seeks to determine how the inherent passivity of various desires in the ethical ego finds expression within society and explores the resulting outcomes. Ultimately, it becomes evident that the ethical life of the ego cannot be solely constructed within society, and it serves as the foundation for the establishment of a nation-state. Additionally, it illustrates how individual egos combine multiplicities to contribute to collective rights, signifying the ego's organization within the commonality of the multitude.
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