ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ РЕЖИМОВ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОЙ КАВИТАЦИОННОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ МОТОРНОГО ТОПЛИВА

Abstract

The article considers an example of ultrasonic cavitation created by a piezoelectric emitter. To identify the modes of ultrasonic cavitation treatment, the Qsonica sonicators Q-700 laboratory unit was used. The aim of the work is to determine the modes of ultrasonic treatment of motor fuel to create a cavitation region. Cavitation areas were determined by the area of destruction of aluminum foil samples, 0.008-0.009 mm thick. A sheet of aluminum foil was placed in the test medium parallel and perpendicular to the tip at different distances h, l. In order to identify the intensity of the resulting cavitation, cavitation noise was isolated from the signal of a hydrophone immersed in motor fuel at different distances from the radiator and connected to a multimeter model UT61E. The intensity of cavitation was estimated by the change in the resistance of the medium, R. The following types of motor fuel were used for processing: commercial diesel fuel, biodiesel based on ginger oil, mixed diesel fuel (containing 20% biodiesel). After the study, the foil was dried and the area of destruction was determined. It has been established that the following parameters influence the creation of cavitation – the distance from the radiating surface, intensity, amplitude and time of ultrasonic treatment of the sample.f= f (l, h, I, A, t). Four cavitation areas are defined: the area of active or optimal cavitation, the area of the beginning of cavitation, the area of incipient cavitation, the area of absence of cavitation. Depending on the amplitude and intensity, 6 operating modes are highlighted. It is established that the processing of the used motor fuel should be carried out on the 3 cavitation mode of operation (A =21-40%, I= 12.5-24.8 W / cm2) of the laboratory installation in the used technological volume or in larger volumes with reflective surfaces. It has been found that the cavitation noise in biodiesel is lower than in diesel fuel, since it is more viscous. In viscous liquids, cavitation is less developed and, consequently, the ultrasound absorption coefficient is lower for them. In this regard, it is necessary to design devices for media with a higher viscosity based on the optimal distance from the radiator to the bottom.