ДИНАМИКА БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЯ МЕДОНОСНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В СТРУКТУРЕ БЕРЕЗНЯКОВ

Abstract

The Northwest region of Russia has a rich forage base for bees. Due to unstable weather conditions, the use of natural honey resources is complicated. The aim of the research was to determine the dynamics of biodiversity of nectar-bearing resources in the structure of birch forests. Registration sites in the birch forests of blueberry, myrtillus and myrtillus grass and under the canopy of the forest stand and at the forest edges of the Kirov Educational Experimental and Kirish Forestries of the Leningrad Region have been laid for accounting. Circular reference plots with an area of 10 m2 and a radius of 178.5 cm were used when accounting for the vegetation of the lower tier. When calculating species diversity indices, species richness indices used in biocenological studies were used. The research results have showed that the factors affecting the species composition of honey plants are the light regime under the stand canopy and biological characteristics of honey plants. The composition and number of species depends on the type of forest. According to Simpson and Margalef, grass birch is distinguished by the species diversity and richness of species. Sorrel birch forest is distinguished by the best forest ecosystem with honey species. When comparing the Sørensen coefficient for sorrel birch and grass birch, it does not exceed 0.5, which indicates the similarity of species in the experimental plots. 200 the Jacquard similarity index indicates that 25-50 % of species in the forest phytocenoses of birch forests are the same. The magnitude of the variegation of living ground cover is high in the forest edge and low in myrtillus birch wood. Thus, the species composition of the melliferous flora of the studied forest types is variable in its structure and composition