Оценка и выбор технологий: комплексная инструментальная поддержка

Abstract

Introduction: in the context of the emerging transition to the sixth technological wave and to implement the government’s goals for the country’s technological development, it is necessary to develop a holistic concept for the formation of an effective technologies’ portfolio at any level of decision-making – from national to corporate. An important role in this belongs to the process of assessment and selection of technologies, which, to be built on a scientific basis with the use of adequate tools, determines the relevance of the research. Aims: to develop a conceptual and systematizing model of instrumental support for the implementation of the technology assessment and selection process, that will make it possible, while considering the characteristic features of each stage of this process, to form a holistic vision of effective ways to improve its effectiveness based on a set of applied tools. Methods: system and logical analysis, structuring, grouping, graphical, algorithmic, matrix and criteria methods. Results: a conceptual and systematizing model of instrumental support for the implementation of the technology assessment and selection process is proposed. This model consists of the following four successive stages: technology maturity assessment, criteria system formation, technology assessment and technology selection. For each stage of the process, recommendations are formulated on the use of specific methods and tools. As the study showed, only methods and tools for technology maturity assessment have been deeply methodologically studied and in the current situation are widely used in practice, while the subsequent stages of decision-making are methodologically studied very superficially. Conclusions: the approach justified by the authors to the implementation of the end-to-end process of technology assessment and selection will provides a consistent solution to interrelated tasks of identifying opportunities and constraints of new technologies at different levels of decision-making. The use of the results of this study is seen in the further expansion of methodological research in the context of the emerging concept of technology assessment, moving from the outdated practice of applying a single universal approach using numerical indicators to cross-examination and communicative interaction of different points of view to determine the potential capabilities of technologies.