자치경찰제도 실질화를 위한 실천 전략에 관한 연구

Abstract

In Korea, the autonomous police system began to be implemented nationwide from July 1, 2021, but a transitional autonomous police system was implemented through a unilateral model that is somewhat far from the dual autonomous police system that the academic world and civic groups have been hoping to introduce, which has caused disappointment. In addition, the era of autonomous police has begun in the absence of interest from the majority of the public and the skeptical views of on-site police, leading to many concerns. Some say that the unification model for the autonomous police system is referred to as a deformed autonomous police system that only incites confusion in police activities and expands the overload of work and legal obligations of the on-site police, and there are various criticisms such as the ‘autonomous police system’ with autonomous police work without autonomous police, or ‘autonomous police with a half satisfactory pattern,’ etc. Therefore, in the practical limitations of the current unification model inevitably being developed until the revision of the law and the expansion of local finance, the purpose of this study is to present a strategy for implementing a successful autonomous police system that is likely to create similar effects to the introduction of the dual model. A brief summary of practical strategies for the substantialization of autonomous police system is as follows. First, it is necessary to develop a close public security cooperation model with a local autonomy organization as a practical plan related to office work allocation. Second, to increase the public security satisfaction of local residents, it is necessary to actively reflect the voices of citizens in public security policy and build a public security cooperation network that can cooperate. Third, to maximize security capabilities such as information sharing and mutual cooperation between the local autonomy organization and the autonomous police, an autonomous police development research institute should be established to support academically and theoretically and to suggest a reasonable mid- to long-term model for autonomous police development. Next, as a practical plan related to human resource and finance, first, criteria should be prepared to reasonably and fairly evaluate the work and performance of autonomous police. Second, a security big data analysis department should be established to ensure that scientific and objective workload analysis can be conducted to see if manpower is appropriate to respond to local safety needs related to autonomous police affairs. Third, because recent criminal behavior is unpredictable, widespread, and intelligent, as there is a limit to responding only with regular police officers, auxiliary police should be actively utilized to supplement the security gap. Lastly, because there is a difference in the security situation or the budget management of local governments by region, as differential autonomous police services may appear, this study proposed the introduction of autonomous police foundation operation by benchmarking the cases of developed countries.