ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ МІЖНАРОДНО-ПРАВОВОЇ РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦІЇ БЕЗПЕКИ СУДНОПЛАВСТВА

Abstract

The problem of ensuring the safety of navigation remains acute in maritime transport, which is one of the key issues in international trade. To implement the safety of navigation, the world community is taking steps to unify international standards, enshrine international law in national legislation, as well as strengthen the requirements for technical means of navigation. Despite the constant development of methods, techniques and technical means of safety, several thousand ships crash at sea every year, so this article is intended to highlight some aspects of international legal regulation of shipping safety. This problem has long crossed the boundaries of national and international. The main object of maritime safety, of course, is the ship as the main participant in maritime transport. The factors that pose a threat to a ship are different. This includes both weather conditions and the human factor, and the technical characteristics of the vessel. The issue of maritime safety is of a fundamental nature, and the key difficulty for its optimal solution is to distinguish between the very concept of "maritime safety" and ensuring shipping as such, ie its functional efficiency. Shipping, in the modern world, has occupied a huge niche in trade, economy, and in the transportation and service of passengers. That is, this process serves to meet the cultural, economic, scientific, recreational and other needs of mankind. Therefore, maritime safety must be ensured by both economic and legal aspects. And also for this it is necessary to create appropriate conditions for the transportation of various cargoes, for the comfort of passengers, to ensure the deployment and the necessary functioning of the navigation system, which will allow ships to follow the most profitable route with maximum safety. Given the above, this article analyzes a set of international legal standards, maritime customs and maritime practices designed to ensure the safety of navigation.