Эволюционный подход к формированию типологии промышленных объединений

Abstract

This article examines the formation in the Russian economy of industrial associations that act as the most important structural elements of the industrial sector at various stages of historical and economic development. Industrial associations today play an important role at all – micro-, meso-, macro- – levels of management. The aim of this article is to study the existing forms of industrial associations with a focus on the evolutionary component of their dynamics in the super-long-term period of the development of the domestic economy. The theoretical and methodological basis for the study of industrial associations is based on the convergence of the main provisions of the evolutionary approach and the historical method, the application of which ensured the isolation of the socio-economic genotype of industrial associations. In this context, the authors systematized the theoretical concepts, which made it possible to emphasize the multidimensional nature of the study of the parameters and patterns of the formation of the economic space. The authors infer that in the short and medium term the economic space is relatively stable, large-scale changes are observed in the long term; the importance of the institutional environment in the context of the evolution of the economic space is emphasized. The authors formulate the conclusion that the key genetic feature of industrial associations is the institution of ownership, which determines the viability and efficiency of various forms of cooperation at different levels of the economic system. Industrial associations demonstrate high efficiency, including due to the presence and strengthening of cooperative ties of participants based on the formation of the cycle “science – innovation – production.” The institution of cooperation in different time periods of economic development performed various functions, evolving in accordance with the historical context of the formation of the genotype. In the current socio-economic situation, industrial associations are able to stimulate the development of publicprivate partnership mechanisms, the emergence of new forms of business organization. The authors proposed a typology of industrial associations based on an evolutionary approach, which made it possible, on the basis of historical periodization, to single out four enlarged historical stages with the identification for each of them of a characteristic feature of the economic system, the evolutionary context of the formation of the genotype, the identification of the socio-economic genotype and types of industrial associations.