Abstract
This study examines different types of navigation aids when a navigator performs target search tasks in Virtual Environments. The factors manipulated in this study include target information (None/Landmark). navigational difficulty (Easy/Difficult). and map types (None/2D Map/3D Map). Navigation performance was measured by using task completion time and the number of target locations that was remembered by the navigator. In addition, user satisfaction on the navigation aids was also measured by using a 7-point Likert`s scale. The results showed that the user satisfaction on the landmark was high when the 3D Map was provided. The task completion time shortened when navigational difficulty was set at easy. The number of remembered target locations was large when there was no landmark. It was also large with an easy navigation task. or a map (20 or 3D) provided. Guidelines for selecting navigation aids were proposed based on the results.
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