Изотермическое прессование в конической матрице релаксирующего материала

Abstract

The relations for calculating the deformation mode and force conditions of isothermal extrusion of blanks made of high-strength metallic alloys are proposed. Under isothermal deformation, the material is hardened and softened, which is associated with the manifestation of the viscous properties of the material (creep). In this regard, the state of viscoplasticity is taken on. The deformation state is accompanied by stress relaxation, which is greater the lower the speed (longer duration) of the operation. Based on the mechanics of deformation, the dependence of moulding conditions (deformation, force, damage to the work material) is expressed by analytical relations. The power balance of activity of forces results in a pressure estimation for isothermal exposure. In this case, a discontinuous field of path velocities is used, which consists of a block of deformations and rigid blocks. The blocks are separated by slip surfaces. Deformations occur in the deformation block and on slip surfaces. Since pressing leads to the occurrence of micro-damages, the damage rate of the coating material was estimated. In this case, the criteria of fracture kinetics are used: energy and deformation equations. The damage rate of the material depends on the speed and degree of deformation, or solely on the degree of deformation. For a number of materials, reducing the speed helps to reduce damage and, consequently, the possibility of increasing the degree of shaping of the primary blank. The relations for stiffness analysis of the stress pattern are given, on which the damage also depends. Calculations of the pressure and damage of the material under compaction for blanks made of titanium and high-strength aluminum alloys have been performed. It is shown that at low operation speeds on the appropriate hydraulic forging equipment, the exposure pressure decreases significantly. The aluminum alloy damaging is also reduced, and for titanium it depends only on the degree of forming.