АНАЛИЗ СОСТОЯНИЯ И ПУТИ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ЛЬНОТРЕСТЫ

Abstract

The results of the analysis of the state and ways to improve the quality of flax are presented. The heterogeneity of the flax ribbon and its structural parameters were chosen as the objects of research. The analysis of the causes of the formation of heterogeneity of flax and the direction of its reduction is given. It is shown that its quality indicators are complex and are formed at two stages of culture development: flax cultivation, and then in the process of its harvesting. The mechanical impact of the working bodies of flax harvesting machines leads to an increase in the heterogeneity of flax raw materials. So, at the stage of pulling, the pulled flax ribbons are characterized by the elongation of the stems in the ribbon (Rl = 1.14 times), which is 0.02% more than the tiering of the stem (1.12 times), the angle of deviation of the stems in the ribbon will be al = 9.73 °, the unevenness of the ribbon will be Hp = 23.1%. All these indicators are initial, since when performing subsequent operations for the preparation of flax, they increase in comparison with the initial ones. By passive experiment, regression models adequate to the experiment were obtained for the dependence of the elongation of stems in the tape Rl, times (1), the angle of their deviation in the tape al, deg. (2), and the unevenness of the spreading of the Hp tape, % (3) of the stage of the performed harvesting operation Eu (Eu=2; 3; 4; 5), which can be used in the express assessment of the quality of the technological operation performed and the heterogeneity of the flax. To reduce the negative impact of the working bodies of harvesting machines on the stems, it is necessary to carry out harvesting operations in agrotechnical terms and operate the units at optimal technological modes. The most effective direction of improving the quality of flax is the development of fundamentally new working bodies of contactless interaction with the processed material.